This is a statue of Artemis, the goddess of fertility and abundance. She was worshipped above all others by the citizens of ancient Ephesus. Ephesus was a modern city in ancient times, many homes boasting central heating and a community sewrage system. It was a gathering place for representatives of many other cities of the Aegean and Asia Minor. According to the bible, this is where Saint Paul was when he spoke to the Ephesians.